The EVALUASI ARSITEKTUR SMART CONTRACT UNTUK PRA-VERIFIKASI PORT STATE CONTROL

Abstract

Verifikasi administratif dokumen dan sertifikat merupakan instrumen pendukung dalam kerangka Port State Control (PSC), sedangkan wewenang pemeriksaan fisik, penetapan defisiensi, dan tindakan penegakan hukum tetap berada sepenuhnya pada Port State Control Officer (PSCO). Penelitian ini merancang dan mengevaluasi tiga arsitektur smart contract berbasis Ethereum Virtual Machine (EVM) untuk alur pra-verifikasi administratif: otorisasi berbasis peran (RBAC), komitmen hash, dan skema mock verification yang mengadopsi alur interface Zero-Knowledge Proof (ZKP). Ketiga smart contract diimplementasikan menggunakan Solidity 0.8.24 dengan optimasi 200 runs dan dievaluasi pada lingkungan Hardhat EVM lokal. Pengujian performa dilakukan melalui 1.000 transaksi sekuensial per arsitektur untuk memetakan kebutuhan komputasi dan latensi eksekusi. Hasil empiris menunjukkan median execution gas masing-masing sebesar 48.429 gas (konvensional), 71.507 gas (komitmen hash), dan 117.686 gas (mock verification), dengan overhead sebesar 143,00% pada arsitektur mock verification terhadap baseline konvensional. Sementara itu, median wall-clock latency pada lingkungan lokal tercatat sebesar 2,211 ms, 2,232 ms, dan 2,515 ms. Evaluasi fungsional mengonfirmasi efektivitas penegakan kontrol akses, validasi predicate, serta pencegahan transaksi berulang (anti-replay) melalui mekanisme nullifier. Penelitian ini menyajikan baseline empiris mengenai alur kontrol dan beban komputasi on-chain guna mendukung integrasi sistem administrasi pelabuhan di masa depan.

Kata kunci: Port State Control; blockchain; smart contract; pra-verifikasi administratif; EVM

Administrative verification of ship certificates and statutory documents provides essential operational support for Port State Control (PSC), whereas physical inspection, deficiency determination, and detention authority strictly reside with certified Port State Control Officers (PSCOs). This study designs and experimentally evaluates three Ethereum Virtual Machine (EVM)-based smart contract architectures for administrative pre-verification: role-based access control (RBAC), cryptographic hash commitment, and a mock verification scheme inspired by the Zero-Knowledge Proof (ZKP) control flow. All contracts were developed using Solidity 0.8.24 with 200 optimizer runs and evaluated on a local Hardhat EVM environment. Performance benchmarks comprising 1,000 sequential transactions per architecture were conducted to quantify computational overhead and execution latency. Empirical measurements demonstrate median execution gas costs of 48,429 gas (conventional), 71,507 gas (hash commitment), and 117,686 gas (mock verification), representing a 143.00% overhead for the mock architecture relative to the baseline. Median local wall-clock latencies were measured at 2.211 ms, 2.232 ms, and 2.515 ms, respectively. Functional testing verified the robust enforcement of role-based permissions, verification predicate integrity, and replay attack prevention using a one-time nullifier mechanism. This work establishes a rigorous empirical baseline for on-chain state transition costs and control flows to inform future blockchain-based maritime administrative integration.